Samuel macauley jackson, D. D., LL. D
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DUCK' US. See FRONTON DU Due. DU CAftGE, dil editzh, CHARLES DU FRESftE, SIEUR: French historian and lexicographer; b. at Amiene (84 m, n. of Paris) Dec. 18, 1610; d. at Paris Aug. 18,=1688. He was educated at the Jesuit college of his native city; and' studied law at the University of Orl6ane, after which he became treasurer of Amiena. His life was devoted, howiV. 2 ever, to the study of the Middle Ages, and his first work was his Histatre de l'empire de Conatantinopla sane lea empereura frangaia (Paris, 1857). In 1668 the plague which raged in Amiene led him to re move to Paris, where he spent the remainder of his life. In considering the importance of the works of Du Cange it must be borne in mind that the Renaissance, with its admiration for Greece and Rome, and the Reformation had little sympathy with any study of the Middle Ages. Medieval Latin and the Romance languages had thus far found no investigator, nor was there any chronol ogy, numismatics, archeology, paleography, or geography of that period. His writings, both printed and unprinted, embrace, on the other hand, not only the general history of medieval Europe, but also the history of France and the Byzantine Empire. His chief works are the Gloasaritrm ad scnptorea medics et in fcmca Latinitofia (3 vola., 1828; enlarged edition in 8 vole., 1733 38; supplement by P. Carpentier, 4 vole., 1788; and by L. Diefenbach, Frankfort, 1857, 1887; abridgment with additions and corrections by J. C. Adelung, 8 vole., Halls, 1772 84; moat recent edition of the Gloasarium, including the additions of Carpentier, Adelung, and others, by L. Favre, 10 vole., Niort, 188387; a con venient abridgment in one vol. by W. H. Maigne d'Arnis, Paris, 1868) and the Glosaarium ad scrip torea media et in fimee Grcscitatis (2 vole., Lyons, 1888). Both these dictionaries are true encyclopedias, one for Latin Christendom in all its ecclesiastical, political, and social aspects, and the other for the Byzantine Empire, to say nothing of their lexico graphical value. In the preface to the Latin Glos sarium, moreover, the author gives the history of the decay of the Latin language and sketches the earli est developments of French. The last work of Du Cange, which was not completed until after his death, was his edition of the Chronicon pds chale (Paris, 1888). (C. PFENTDER.) Biswoaeerax: L. Faugbre, Eaeai ear la vie et lae ouwapes de Du Canpe, Paris, 1852; H. Hsrdouin, Esaai eur is aria et our ka ouvrapes de . . . Du Canpe, ib. 1849. DUCEY, THOMAS JAMES: Roman Catholic; b. at Lismore (111 m. s.s.w. of Dublin), County Cork, Ireland, Feb. 4, 1843. He went to the United Staten at the age of five, and was graduated at St. Francis Xavier's College, New York City, in 1884; and at the Provincial Seminary, Troy, N. Y., in 1888. He was ordained to the priesthood in 1888, and in 1889 was attached to the staff of the Church of the Nativity, New York City, where he incurred the opposition of the Tweed ring by his denunciations of municipal corruption. In 1872 he was transferred to St. Michael's in the same city, and in the following year began the active organization of societies for Roman Catholic young men. In 1880 he founded St. Leo's Church. He was assistant chaplain in the City Prison for several years, and is .active in movements against political evil and in philanthropic enterprises. DITCHESNE, d0"shAn',.LQUIS MARIE oLrMR: French Roman Catholic;' b: at.St. Servan (100 m. n. of Nantes) Sept. 13, 1843. He studied in Paris sad at . Rome from 1873 to 1878, visiting Epirus, Theesalyy Macedonia, and Mt. Athos a 1874, and Du Preens THE NEW SCHAFF HERZOG making a tour of Asia Minor in 1876. From 1877 to 1895 he was professor of church history in the Institut Catholique de Paris, .and since the latter year has been director of the French school at Rome. He was also maitre de conferences and later directeur d'6tudes at the tcole des Hautes etudes, Paris, 1885 95, and in 1888 was elected a member of the Acad6mie des Inscriptions et BellesLettres. He has written De Macario Magnets et aeriptia ejus (Paris, 1877); etude sur le Liber Pontificalis (1877); Memoire sur une mission au Mont Athos (1877; in collaboration with C. Bayet); Vita Sandi Polycarpi, auctore Pionio (1881); Le Liber Poredficalis: Texts, introduction et commentaire (2 vole., 1886 92); Origines du tulle chrdien (1889; Eng. transl. by M. L. McClure under the title Christian Worship: Its Origin and Evolution, London, 1902); Les Anciens Catalogues oiscopaux de la province de Tours (1890); Fades dpiscopaux de l'ancienne Gaule (2 vole., 1894 99); Autonomies ecclessiastiques (1896); Lea Premiere Temps de 1'aat pontifical (1898); Le Forum chrdien (Rome, 1899); Autonomies eeclEsiastiques; Eglisea soar&& (1904; Eng. tranal., Churches Separated from Rome, New York, 1908). DUDITH, dft dft' (DUDICH, DUDICS), Aft DREAS: Hungarian bishop, later a Protestant; b. at Budapest Feb. 16, 1533; d. at Breslau Feb. 23, 1589. He was educated by his uncle, who was canon at Breslau, and went to Italy about 1550 to continue his studies. There he gained the favor of Cardinal Pole, whom he accompanied on his return to England after the accession of Queen Mary. He was an excellent Latin scholar and had meanwhile been appointed canon at Gran, but in 1558 he again devoted himself to study in Padua. He was ap pointed bishop of Tininium (Knin) in Dahnatia by the emperor Ferdinand, and took part in the Coun cil of Trent, where, in compliance with the wish of Ferdinand, he urged that the cup be given to the laity. Although he did not appear there as an oppo nent of the celibacy of the clergy, he wrote a Demon stratio pro libertate conjugii. Being appointed bishop, first of Fiinfkirehen, and then of Szigeth, he went to Poland in 1565, where he married a maid of honor of the queen, and resigned his see, becoming an adherent of Protestantism. In 1575 he became so involved in political intrigues to secure the throne of Poland (then vacant) for Maximilian that his opponents confiscated his estates and expelled him from the city. The last ten years of his life were spent at Breslau. Five orations and a brief biog raphy of Dudith were published at Offenbach in 1610 by Quirinus Reuter. K. BENRATH. BIBLIOGRAPHY: Besides the biography by Realer, there is available C. B. Stieff, Verauch einer . . . GaachicAk won Ldxn and Meinungen Andreas Duditha, Breslau, 1758. DUDLEY, THOMAS UNDERWOOD: Protestant Episcopal bishop of Kentucky; b. at Richmond, Va., Sept. 26, 1837; d. in New York City Jan. 22, 1904. He studied at the University of Virginia (B.A., 1858), where he was professor of Latin and Greek until the outbreak of the Civil War. He then entered the Confederate Army and attained the rank of major. After the close of the war he studied theology at the Virginia Theological Seminary, Alexandria, Va., from which he was graduated in 1867. He was ordered deacon in 1867 and ordained priest in 1868. He was curate and rector of Christ Church, Baltimore, 1869 75, and in 1875 was consecrated bishop coadjutor of Kentucky. On the death of Bishop B. B. Smith in 1884 he became diocesan of Kentucky. He wrote A Wise Discrimination the Church's Need (New York, 1881); and Why am 1 a Churchman t (1894). DUEL. See WAGER OF BATTLE. DUESTERDIECg, dQ "ester dike, FRIEDRICH HERMANN CHRISTIAN: German Protestant; b. at Hanover July 14, 1822; d. there Apr. 23, 1906. He studied in GtSttingen and Berlin and was lecturer at Gbttingen 1846 48, director of studies at the theological seminary at Hanover 1848 54, pastor at Schwichelt 1854 58, and director of studies at Loccum 1858 65. In 1865 he was appointed consistorial councilor at Hanover, and became councilor of the supreme consietory seven years later, while from 1879 until his retirement from active life in 1900 he was general superintendent. He wrote Qua de Ignatianarum epistolarwm anthentia dtiorumque teztuum rations et dignitate hue uaque prolatca aunt sententim (Gottingen, 1843); De rei prophetieee nature ethics (1852); Die tueltliche Bildung des Geistlichen (Hanover, 1873); Die Revision der Luther'schen Bibeliibersetzung (1882); Kritisch ezegetisches Handbuch abet die Offenbarung Johannes (G6ttingen); and Inspiration and Kritik der heiligen Sehrift (1896). 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