Samuel macauley jackson, D. D., LL. D

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

O. S. B ....... I 0,"_?:ff, B" Order of St.

O. T Old TeatBmeat

OTJC . See Smith

P Priestly document

L. Pastor, The Hiatoryas pop" from

Pastor, Pap .. . . the Close of the M Apes, 8 vole.,

London, 1891 1908

PEA . . . . . P °u°° Anplica»e, ed. J. A. Giles,

34 vole. London) 1838 48

PEF . Palestine hxploratron Fund

I pelt First Epistle of Peter

11 pet . SecondEpietle of Peter

. . B. Platina,Lives of the P ~1rom . .

Platina, Popes Gropory 11. to . . . Pal., 2 vole.,

London, n.d.

Pliny, Xist. not Plin . Historia naturalist

Potthaet, Wey ~ A' n°tt aet.Bi'robr dtl ch diet ~tei

weiaer .. . . . . . . works, Berlin 1898

prov Proverbs

Ps . Psalme

PSBA. . . . . . . . . .)Proceeds of the Society of Biblical

1 Archeo~yy, London, 1880 eqq.

q.v., qq.v . .quod (qua) vide, ' which see

Ranke, POP"... ; I'' von Ranks, History of as Popes,

3 vole., London, 1908

RDM . Revue den deua mondes, Paris. 1831 sqq.

RE See Hauck Herzog

Reich, Docu  ) E. Reich, Sled Documents Musbatdnp Me 

rnente . . 1 diaroal and Modern History, London, 1905

REJ . Revue des Etudes juives. ri 1880 sqq.

Rettberg, KD.. . ? F' ~ 2 v, Gbtti'ngen,schl1~848 4  

Rev Book R Revelation

Revue de Misfoire des religions, Paris,

RHR . ~ lggpeqq. d. C. RroS:u~eon, Alphabetical Subject In 

dex and Index Errcydopaedia Period­


ical Articles on Religion, 1880 89, New

York 1907

A. L. Richter Lehrbuch des katholiaMsn

and evanpgiedhen Kirdkenredhta, 8th

1 ad. by W. Kahl Leipaic, 1888

Robineoa, Re  (E. Robineo~ hiblical Researches in

aearr~ee, and Palestine Boston, 1841 and Later

Later Be  Biblical kta&arclus in Palestine, 3d std.

searches. of the whole, 3 vole., 1887

Robinson, Euro  J J. H. Robinson, Reading& in European

RPenn so teed J. H. Mutton, and C Anii~ op 

Beard~ Modern ment of Modern Europe, 2 vole., Boston.

Europe 1907

Rom ... . . . .... .. .Epistle to the Romans

RTP . . . . . . . . . . . I Revue de thlolopie et do philosophis,

Lausanne, 1873

R. V .... . . Revised Version (of the English Bible)

amc . smculum, ' century "

I Sam . . . .I Samuel

II Sam . . . . .II Samuel

SBA . Site"Veb°^cht° der Berliner Ahadsmie,

Berlin, 1882 sqq.

. . I F. Max Milller and others, The Sacred Books of.. the East, Oxford, 1879 eqq., vol. alvm., 1904

. , Sacred Books of the Old Testament (" Rain­bow Bible) Leipsio, London, and Baltimore, 184 eqq

Schaff, Christian P' Schaff, History of Cho Christian CAw* Church . . ... . . v4s• i• iv., vi., vii., New York,1882 92, vol. v., 2 parts, by D. S. Schaff, 1907 10

Schaff' Crecda. . . P. 9ahaff The Creeds of Christendom, 3 vole., New York, 1877 84

Schrader, COT. . E. Soh~rederTeCduanmeeifnorm2Invacrei.p, tiLonondaonnd

E. Schrader, Die Keilinach fen and das Alfe Testament, 2 vole., Berlin, 1902 03

E. Schrader, Keilinachriftliche Bibliofhek, 8 vols.. Berlin, 1889 1901

'E. Seh"r, GaaAichte des ipdiachen

Volk" im Zeitalter Jesu Christi, 4th std.,

3 vole. Leipsic.1902eqq.: Eng. trsnel., b

vole., New York, 1891

Script . Seriptorea, writers

Scrivener, F. H. A. Scrivener, Introduction to New Tea­


Introduction . . { tarnent Criticism, 4th std., London, 1894

Seat .. ... .. . . . . ...8ententia, •' Sentences "

8. J. . . . . . ... . . . 3oaietaa Jesu. Society of Jesus "

SMA . .. . . . .. . 1 3i~a ~ cht a Se~ sqq nehener Aka 


Smith, Kinship.. I Wk rtv Arabia Kinship and0 Marriage in

Richardson En  ,

cydopaedia. . .

Richter, Rircken 

Sohrader, KAT.

Schrader, KB...

Smith, OTJC. . . ~ w' R. Smith, The Old Testament in the Jewish Church, London, 1892

Smith, Prophets.. I f W ~ EitthSmith~ Prophets adoLondon, . to

smith, Rel. of ~ W. R. th~i?iou of the Semites,

$em . London, 1894

S. P. C. K. . . . . . 1 Society for the Promotion of Christian

I SomeE four the Propagation of the Gospel

S. P. G. . . . . . . . ~ in Foreign Parts

eqq . ..andfollowt~

Strom . 3tromata Miscellanies

,

e.v sub vooe, or cub verbo

Swete. Introduo  ~ H. B. 8wete. introduction to the Old Tes 

tion . . . lament in Greek, London, X900

Byr . 8yriao

Tbatcher and 1O. J. Thatcher and E. H. McNeal, A MoNeal,3owoe~ Source Book for Mediarod History.

Book. . . . . . ( New York, 1906

I These .. .Fitnt Epistle to the Thessalonians

II These . 8eeond Epistle to the Thessalonians

ThT T~°~°°~° TiidsehrirR Amsterdam and

Le e°. 1887 eqq.

Tillemont, M6~I': le Nain de Tillemoat, Mdmoirea

ecdlsiaatiquea des six premiers

"'°trea . . " " " eiZclee,. 18 vole.. Paris, 1893 1712

I Tim ... .... .. .. .First E stle to Timothy

II Tim . . .$econd stle to Timothy

Thalo '~ Jahresbarickt, Leipeic, 1882­


TJB . . . . . . . . . ~ 188 . Freiburg, 1888, Brunswick, 1889­


1897, Berlin, 1898 sqq.

Tob Tobit

TQ ~Thool°gisch° Quarkdochrift. Tttbingen,

1819eq q.

T3 ~ J. A. R.obineon Texts and Studies,

Cambridge, 1891 eqq~

Transactions °the Society of Biblical

T3BA . . ~ Arch.~adoa, 1872eq q.

Thedopische .3tudien and Kri6ikan, Ham­burg, 1828 sqq.

Tarts and Unterauchunpen sw Geachiehte

den altcAriatlichen Litte>.atur, std. O. von

Gebbardt sad A. Harnsek, Leipai0.

1882s sqq.

UgoBni, Theaau ~ B. Ugolinue, Thesaurus antiquitatum

rue aaerarssm. 34 vole., Venice. 1744 89

V. T. . . . . .. . . . . . . Vetue Tsata»untum, Yieux Testament, "Old Testament

Wattenbach. W. Wattenbach, Dsutooklands Geachichtw

DGQ . 5th std., 2 vole., Berlin, 1885;

~, 1893 94; 7th std.. 1904 sqq.

Wellhausen, ) J. Wellhaueen, Rests arabiaachen Hsiden­


Heidenturrt .... I tams Berlin, 1887

Wellhaueen, ~J. Well~suee°, Prolegomena sun Oeachichte

Prokpo»una... I°m°~• 8th std., Berlin. 1905, Eag.

traml.. Edinburgh, 1886

Zsitachrift Jiir Aeayriolopie, Leipei0.

ZA . . . . . . . . . . . . 188g 8g. Berlin, 1889 eqq.

~T. Zahn, Einleitunp in clan New Testa 

Zahn, Einlei  »unt, 3d std Leipai0.1907; Eng. travel.,

tu»p . . . . . . Introduction to the New Testament, 8

vole., Edinburgh, 1909

T. Zahn. Geaehirhte den nsuteatarnenh

Zahn, Kanon1 lichen Kamm, 2 vole., Leipeic, 1888 92

Zeitschrift Jttr die aftleaiaMUnUiehe Wis 

ZATW . eenadwft, Giessen, 1881 eqq.

)lefts tJflrdsutacheaAGbrfhurwuaddmrt 

ZDAL . .. . . . . . . aeha~Literatur, Berlin, 1878 sqq.

ZeitxhriJt der dsutrsbea morpsnl6adischen

ZDMG .. . . GesdlachnlR LeiPsio. 1847 sqq.

ZDP . . . . . . . ~ Z for deutsche Philofapie, Halle,

~ ZDPV . . . . . . . . . Zeitech t des dcutechen PaLGsdina.Ver­


sins psi0. 1878 eqq.

Zeeh Zeeharish

ZePh . Zephaniah

Zeltadv 'ref! filr die hiatorieehe Theolopie,

ZXT . publiabed eucaeawely at Leipei0.

Hamburg and Goths, 1832 7b

ZKG . . . . . . . . . . ~ LBitachriJt 7tlr Ksrehenpeschiehte. Goths,

1~8~7~,8?qq.

ZRR . . . . I ZeiRarigrc,h~anrarhet, Berlin, Tii­


Zeibta~t 18r kia8~ 'l~hqeolopis, Inns­


... brook. 1877 egg

wits tJilr kuchiiche Wissee and

ZRW . .. . krrLp0. 1880,8

ZNTW . . . . . . . . .~ ZeitaehrsJt for die neuteatamentliche Wis­aenaehatt, Giessen, 1900 sqq.

ZPK. . . . . ... ... . ~ Z°fUdlarner Proteatantiamua and Ruche, Erlea~e 1838 78

/Zeitechryft~t[r uriaaenarhq/tliche

Jena' 1868 80, Halls, 1881 t17, , Leipsic

1888eqq.,

SYSTEM OF TRANSLITERATION

The following system of transliteration has been used for Hebrew:

H = ' or omitted at the

briginning of a word.

3=b

3=bhorb


,!=ghorg 1=d 1=dhord i1=h 1=w

t=z

n=h­


b=

'=y

~=k

2 =khork

5=1

b=m j =n

v=

g=p D=phorp y=,z

a=~

1=r E~!=a td=ah n=t f1=thort

The vowels are transcribed by a, e, i, o, u, without attempt to indicate quantity or quality. Arabic and other Semitic languages are transliterated according to the same system as Hebrew. Greek is written with Roman characters, the common equivalents being used.

KEY TO PRONUNCIATION

When the pronunciation is self evident the titles are not respelled; when by mere division and accen­tuation it can be shown sufficiently clearly the titles have been divided into syllables, and the accented syllables indicated.

a as in sofa d " "arm

a ""dt

rr fare e rr rr pen r

"fate i " "tin f " "machine o " "obey 8 ""no

as in not

nor

u `~ " full'

fi " " rule

Q rr rr but r rr tern

r .. pine out oil few

iu as in duration

c = k " " cat

ch " " church

cw = qu as in queen

(th) rr to the f rr rr fancy

g (hard) " " go

a '° " loch (Scotch)

hw (wh) " " why

rr It jaw

`In accented syllables only; in unaccented syllables it approximates the sound of a in over. The letter n, with soot beneath it, indicates the sound of n as fn ink. Nasal n (as in French words) Is rendered n. 2 In German and French names it approximates the sound of a in dune.

THE NEW SCHAFF HERZOG

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RELIGIOUS KNOWLEDGE